托福口语复述环节技巧分享

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托福口语复述环节技巧分享

Task 3 – Task 6: 能力的考查

新托福口语考试的Task 3到Task 6都是综合口语的考查。其中Task 5 和Task 6加入了听力的内容，先听后说;而Task 3和Task 4融合的内容既有听力也有阅读，先读再听后说。考生阅读完一段文字或/和听完一段录音后，再根据自己看到或/和听到的内容将要点一一复述，这样的考查方式构成了新托福口语考试最鲜明的特点。对于考生来讲，这样的考查优势在于考生不必自己思考要说些什么。考生所要完成的任务是回答问题所提出的与听、读材料相关的问题，将之前所听所读的材料内容进行归纳总结，用自己的语言“复述”出来。

复述的前提

复述环节的要求不是将所读到和听到的内容一字不差地说出来，即使是汉语，恐怕也很难达到这样的要求。复述的目的在于考生能够读懂，听懂材料中的内容，正确理解和接受其中的主要信息，并有能力表达或转述给他人听。所以，不管是用间接引语(Indirect Speech)把男女生的对话或教授的演讲用第三人称重复出来，还是用同意转换(Paraphrasing)的方式把自己获取的信息解释出来，考生都要明白复述的前提是理解(Understanding)，而不是在读或听的时候试图去把读到和听到的每一个字都记下来，即太过依赖笔记。所以，良好的复述能力要求考生在记笔记的同时，更专注于对阅读文章和听力内容本身的理解，以免不能将自己零星的词组笔记串联成连贯的语言表达。

复述的要点

在之前发表的学术文章中曾经探讨过新托福口语答题模板创制的可能性。事实上，模板的运用对新托福口语考试后四个题目的意义是很重大的。有了既定的模板，读或听的时候就有了重点，有了方向，记笔记和之后的复述也就有了相应的要点依据。例如，在Task 3中阅读材料需要总结的是：1)学校发表的具体声明;2)学校做出此决定的缘由或好处;听力对话中需要总结的是：1)男女学生对此声明的看法(一般为反对);2)各自理由。掌握了这些既定的考点，考生在考场上需要做的事情就是将细节的关键词按一定顺序填入模板当中，然后串联成精炼、完整而准确的复述。

Task 1 – Task 2: 练习的方法

对于新托福口语的前两个任务，考生在考试的时候需要独立思考后回答，并不需要复述任何内容，但复述作为练习方式在平时的备考过程中却是非常行之有效的。从Task 1的个人经验(Personal Experience)的描述到Task 2的个人偏好(Personal Preference)的选择，前两个题目的话题都较为普遍和生活化。考生首先应该根据机经的内容尽可能全面地熟悉话题，然后给自己无限思考的空间，把想到的东西一一写下来：如主题句，论据，结尾句等，45秒钟的全部内容甚至可以都写下来。之后考生便可以直接通过录音来进行复述的练习。复述练习的效果有三：1)考生首先可以通过复述熟悉自己写下来的内容效果，并增强说话的流利度;2)相信每个人在不同的时间，不同的环境下都可能产生不一样的灵感，所以哪怕是在复述自己写的东西，也可能随时产生一些不同的想法，考生可以通过反复的修改将自己熟悉后的内容进一步完善，同时调整自己的答题时间，以便充分掌握答题节奏;3)在复述的过程中，考生还可以尝试在原来内容的基础上变换表达，提高自己在考试中的应变能力。

当然，不可否认的是，在后四题的平日练习中更是需要通过反复的复述练习来提高考生自身的复述能力。所以，通过以上对新托福口语考试中复述概念的解读，希望考生们能够充分认识到托福口语复述作为主要考查能力的重要性，不仅在备考过程中，也能在平时学习英语的过程中，充分融合听说读写四项技能，通过复述的练习全面提升自己的英语水平。

托福独立口语高频话题资深讲师批改分享：儿童教育谁的责任重?

本期托福独立口语高频话题

Who should be more responsible for children's education, schools or parents?

学生对此话题的表述答案

Although both the schools and parents should be responsible for children's educations. For me, that I think that the school should be more responsible for children's educations. First, that childrens spend a large amount of time in school, and the school's function is to teach students how to behave and teach the knowledge. And therefore, I think that children is more influenced by the schools and so school should be more responsible for teach students to educate the childrens.

资深讲师批改意见

语法方面出现的错误(Grammar)

1 educations————education

2 childrens spend————children spend

3 children is————children are

4 and therefore————Therefore

表达部分存在的问题(Expression)

1 for childrens education (delete)

2 For me, I think————I think

3 and teach the knowledge————and be knowledgable

此高频话题高分口语模板分享

Although both the schools and parents should be responsible for children's education, I think that the school should be more responsible. First, children spend a large amount of time in school, and the school's function is to teach students how to behave and be knowledgable. Therefore, I think the children are more influenced by the schools. Schools should be more responsible to educate the children.

托福口语细致一点你的句子会更地道

托福口语考试期望考生们能够用地道的英语来表达句子，惯用的中文思维往往让我们的表述不伦不类，下面一起来看一看你会不会犯这些问题吧。

1. 我非常喜欢

I very like it.

I like it very much.

这个错误基本上是每个人都会出错的，原因非常简单，就是因为在使用中文思维，然后翻译成简单的英语表达，这是非常危险的一个习惯。

2. 这个价格对我挺合适的。

The price is very suitable for me.

The price is right.

suitable(合适的、相配的)最常见的用法是以否定的形式出现在告示或通知上，如：下列节目儿童不宜。The followingprogramme is not suitable for children.在这组句子中用后面的说法会更合适。

3. 你是做什么工作的呢?

What’s your job?

What’s your occupation?

what’s your job?这种说法难道也有毛病吗?是的。因为如果您的谈话对象刚刚失业，如此直接的问法会让对方有失面子，所以您要问：目前您是在上班吗?Are you working at the moment?接下来您才问：目前您在哪儿工作呢?Where are you working these days?或者您从事哪个行业呢?What line of work are you in? 最地道的是说Occupation. 顺带说一下，回答这类问题时不妨说得具体一点，不要只是说经理或者秘书。

4. 用英语怎么说?

How to say?

How do you say this in English?

Note：How to say是在中国最为泛滥成灾的中国式英语之一，这决不是地道的英语说法。同样的句子有：请问这个词如何拼写?How do you spell that please?请问这个单词怎么读?How do you pronounce this word?

5. 明天我有事情要做。

I have something to do tomorrow?

Sorry but I am tied up all day tomorrow.

用I have something to do来表示您很忙，这也完全是中国式的说法。因为每时每刻我们都有事情要做，躺在那里睡大觉也是事情。所以您可以说我很忙，脱不开身：I’m tied up.还有其他的说法：I’m I can’t make it at that time. I’d love to, but I can’t, I have to stay at home.

6. 我没有英文名。

I haven’t English name.

I don’t have an English name.

许多人讲英语犯这样的错误，从语法角度来分析，可能是语法功底欠缺，因为have在这里是实义动词，而并不是在现在完成时里面那个没有意义的助动词。所以，这句话由肯定句变成否定句要加助动词。

明白道理是一回事，习惯是另一回事，请您再说几话：我没有钱;I don’t have any money.我没有兄弟姐妹;I don’t have any brothers or sisters.我没有车。I don’t have a car.

7. 我想我不行。

I think I can’t.

I don’t think I can.

这一组然是个习惯问题，在语法上称为否定前置，这就是汉语里面说“我想我不会”的时候，英语里面总是说“我不认为我会”。

8. 我的舞也跳得不好。

I don’t dance well too.

I am not a very good dancer either.

当我们说不擅长做什么事情的时候，英语里面通常用not good at something，英语的思维甚至直接踊跃到：我不是一个好的舞者。

9. 现在几点钟了?

What time is it now?

What time is it, please?

What time is it now这是一个直接从汉语翻译过的句子，讲英语的时候没有必要说now,因为您不可能问what time was it yesterday, 或者what time is it tommorow?所以符合英语习惯的说法是：请问现在几点了?还有一种说法是：How are we doing for time?这句话在有时间限制的时候特别合适。

10. 我的英语很糟糕。

My English is poor.

I am not 100% fluent, but at least I am improving.

有人开玩笑说，全中国人最擅长的一句英文是：My English is poor。实话说，我从来没有遇到一个美国人对我说：My Chinese is poor. 无论他们的汉语是好是坏，他们会说： I am still having a few problem, but I getting better。

当您告诉外国人，您的英语很poor，so what(那又怎么样呢)，是要让别人当场施舍给我们一些英语呢，还是说我的英语不好，咱们不谈了吧。

另外一个更大的弊端是，一边不停的学英语，一边不停地说自己的英语很poor,这正像有个人一边给车胎充气，又一边在车胎上扎孔放气。

11. 你愿意参加我们的晚会吗?

Would you like to join our party on Friday?

Would you like to come to our party on Friday night?

join往往是指参加俱乐部或者协会，如：join a health club; join the Communist Party.事实上，常常与party搭配的动词的come 或者go.如go a wild party，或者come to a Christmas Party.

12. 我没有经验。

I have no experience.

I don’t know much about that.

I have no experience这句话听起来古里古怪，因为您只需要说：那方面我懂得不多，或者这方面我不在行，就行了。I am not really an expert in this area.

13. 我没有男朋友。

I have no boyfriend.

I don’t have a boyfriend.

14. 他的身体很健康。

His body is healthy.

He is in good health.You can also say: He’s healthy.

15. 价钱很昂贵/便宜。

The price is too expensive/cheap.

The price is too high/ rather low.

16. 我们下了车。

We got off the car.

We got out of the car.

17. 车速快了。

The speed of the car is fast.

The car is speeding. Or “The car is going too fast.”

18. 这个春节你回家吗?

Will you be going back home for the Spring Festival?

是的，我回去。Of course! (这一句是错的)

当然。Sure. / Certainly。(这种说法是正确的)

以英语为母语的人使用of course的频率要比中国的学生低得多，只有在回答一些众所周知的问题时才说of course。因为of course后面隐含的一句话是“当然我知道啦!难道我是一个傻瓜吗?”因此，of course带有挑衅的意味。在交谈时，用sure或certainly效果会好得多。同时，of course not也具挑衅的意味。正常情况下语气温和的说法是certainly not.

19. 我觉得右手很疼。

I feel very painful in my right hand.

My right hand is very painful. Or “ My right hand hurts(aches).”

20. 他看到她很惊讶。

He looked at her and felt surprised.

He looked at her in surprise.

21. 我读过你的小说但是没料到你这么年轻。

I have read your novels but I didn't think you could be so young.

After having read your novel, I expected that you would be older.

22. 她脸红了，让我看穿了她的心思。

Her red face made me see through her mind.

Correct: Her red face told me what she was thinking.

24. 别理她。

Don't pay attention to her.

Leave her alone.

25. 我在大学里学到了许多知识。

I get a lot of knowledge in the university.

I learned a lot in university.

26. 黄山正在读书。

Samuel is reading a book.

Samuel is reading.

27. 她由嫉妒转向失望。

She was so jealous that she became desperate.

Jealousy drove her to despair.

托福口语：怎样制造亮点

大多数学生都要面对以下三个问题：

1. 对内容的陈述缺乏细节,绕圈子,意境朦胧,让人觉得不知所云。

2. 对自己生活总结不足,不知道该说什么,想说什么,能说什么.表达的时候缺乏信心。

3. 就算准备过的话题也觉得没底,担心考试的时候考的刚好是这个话题中自己没有准备过的分项内容。

针对这么几个问题,我围绕2008年的年度热门话题—体育为例,论述如何合理构思,备考口语的独立任务。

美国的体育选拔机制集中与高中和大学,孩子从小就会参加棒球社区联赛Baseball Little League，女生踢足球Soccer，高中之后很多体现出体育天赋的年轻人开始有目的的象职业联盟努力。这些联盟包括, NFL(National Football League)国家橄榄球联盟， MLB(Major League Baseball)美国职棒大联盟， NHL(National Hockey League),以及我们中国人已经很熟悉的NBA(National Basketball Association)。美国人在了解,结交一个新朋友的时候，比较喜欢了解对方的话题之一就是体育爱好,并希望找到志同道合的体育爱好者,开展下一步的交友，对于体育话题的总结和练习，短期可能是为了取得良好的考试成绩，长期来说则是为了在国内或者国外更好的融入英语语言国家的社会生活, 结交更多朋友,进而体会更多国外文化。

1.词汇包装,保证精彩和详细

如果背单词的目的不仅仅是识别阅读,听力中的要点，

还包括口语,作文中有效表达的话. 那么我们要明白句子中主要有三种词汇。

1)实词: 名词动词数字形容词副词

其中名词,动词和数字使答题内容具体细化;

形容词和副词的包装作用可以是答题变得更加华丽。

2)虚词: 助词感叹词

助动词: 完成句型的时态,语态,语气. 平时要注意语法曲折变位的能力

感叹词：使答题充满人性,不沉闷,很动态,帮助你展现感性的成分。

3)连词：答题的理性的成分,制造内容的起承转合,展现口才的逻辑质量。

有目的的积累，善用各种词性的好词,可以对口语表达进行精彩的包装。

2. 亮点论据,升级内容的技术含量

不管考试时间如何要求答题长度，考生需要意识到，我们不仅要完成填充题目要求时间，还要保证填充信息的技术含量和精彩程度。

下列论据大家要学会积累，这样才能或具体话题点对点使用或放之四海皆真的广泛应用于各种话题中。

1)fact 摆事实来源

2)statistics 列数字

3)witness/testimony 亲身经验/别人经验

4)comparison/analogy比较/类比

5)example 贴切的例子

6)anecdote黑色幽默的奇闻趣事

7)quotation名人名言引用

在这样的选词和造句的原则下，我们面对一个话题，要考虑能说出来的信息总量有多少，之后把这些信息都写出来,反复朗读,并使用我给的录音软件来录音,帮助自己不见得要背诵,但是至少要非常熟悉。

下面的体育话题完成了

1. 兴趣爱好:运动来源

2. 偶像明星:科比布莱恩特

3. 生活大事:偶遇明星

4. 体育运动:篮球

5. 影响自己的事情/人: 篮球的精神层面/科比身上的珍贵品质等话题的备考准备。

这篇口语作文的总字数超过400。

大家需要知道的是，这么长的文章不是全部服务于45秒/90秒的答案。

这些单词、句子和信息是针对体育这个话题, 大家应该会的内容。

不同的同学会选择不同的内容和多种句子组合顺序，

这样会避免拿着这个材料的很多同学答案出现同质性的问题。

大家用以上的原则,到这篇文章中找找精彩的亮点吧。

娱乐-体育: Basket-ball / Kobe Bryant / LA Lakers

My favorite sport is without a shadow of a doubt basketball.

And, funny story, I met a NBA basketball player for the first time in my life at an airport when I wasn’t that familiar with NBA.

I looked at him and didn’t know who he was.

Now I think about it, it was Kobe Bryant.

Wow! I had no idea! What a waste of opportunity! .

I mean, I could’ve asked for an autograph.

But i didn’t. Ooooh, I hate myself.

I’m a huge fan of the L.A. Lakers.

There’re too many reasons for this.

To start with, it’s dynasty in the forming.

Some people say that Shaquille O’neal and Kobe Bryant,

THAT was a dynasty!http://ks.examda.com

But I’m not a big fan of Shaq; I love Kobe.

Being a guard, he’s all around.

He scored 81 points back in 2006 in a game against the Toronto Raptors.

In 2007, around the same time of the year, he scored more than 50 for four consecutive games.

And this year, he’s taking the Lakers all the way to the Final after beating San Antonio Spurs in the Western Conference Final.

And before that they beat Utah Jazz.

We often say that there’s no easy game in the West.

And Kobe and his team came all the way.

That could only mean one thing--They’re unbelievably good.

I play basketball whenever I can.

And I even imitate some of Kobe’s moves.

I’m not that tall, but still, I can jump shoot, do the lay-up, and if the hoop is low enough, do a slam dunk.

Being a guard is like being a captain of a team.

You initiate every attack, you decide the offense strategy.

And when you give out assists, you’re helping other teammates;

when you’re hitting three-pointers, you’re encouraging the whole team.

When you do a lay-up in a fast break, you’re pissing off your opponents.

The more you play basketball, the more you find there’s more to basketball than just a physical game.

It has a mental state to it.

How to be selfless, how to contribute to the team instead of just thinking for yourself, how to work with others--these are also questions we have to face in real life.

The NBA has a catch-phrase, i love this game. It’s more than i can say about it.

And this year, i found it was changed.

Now the motto is “Where Amazing Happens!”

David Stern is absolutely a genius.http://ks.examda.com

Basketball provides me more than exercise, but more importantly, inspiration and encouragement in life.

I love it.

托福口语话题训练：友谊

.常用词汇： acquaintance, affectionate, amicable, caring, considerate, emotional, enthusiastic, expressive, favorite, frank, friendly, generous, gentle, helpful, honest, humorous, ideal, intimate, kind, patient, reunion, sociable, sympathetic, talkative, thoughtful, trustworthy, etc。

常用短语： a shoulder to cry on, an easy-going person, ask for help, be an understanding person, be friendly with, be on intimate terms with sb., be well-acquainted with, broad-minded, cheer sb. up, for the sake of friendship, have a bosom friend, have a large circle of acquaintances, help sb. out, keep friendly relations, keep/lose contact with, make friends with, reach an understanding, seek common ground while reserving differences, t urn to one’s friend when in difficulty, understand each other, warm-hearted, etc。

常用句型：

1. A friend in need is a friend indeed。

2. What does friendship mean to you?

3. What kind of people do you make friend with?

4. Why do you think friendship important to you?

5. What is the basis of friendship?

6. There is the difference between friendship and love。

7. Are you very good at keeping in touch with friends?

8. I like to make friends with people who are …

9. What do you have in common with your friends?

10. How well do you communicate with your friends?

2. 实例：

Narrator:

What do you think a true friend should be? How important do you think is friendship to your life?You may begin to prepare your response after the beep。

[2 seconds beep]

Preparation time: 15 seconds

Response time: 45 seconds

Narrator:

Please begin speaking after the beep。

[2 seconds beep]