掌握英语写作的基本技巧都有哪些?关于英语学科写作都有哪些拿高分的技巧和方法呢?下面就让小编给大家带来掌握英语写作的基本技巧,希望大家喜欢!
掌握英语写作的基本技巧
一、认真审题,把握体裁
纵览历年高考中的英语书面表达,多为应用性写作,其体裁各异。答题时应仔细观察,细心领会,把握相应体裁要求,使用正确的时态,准确反映表达内容。
二、抓准信息,组织要点
准确把握考题各方面的信息,就能为语言表达提供正确而全面的信息依据,倘若信息不清、不准,书写出的东西就会文不对题,劳而无功。必要的信息若有遗漏,就无法达到正确交际的目的。
三、选词组句,就易避难
在体裁明确、信息全面、要点清晰的前提下,避开偏、怪、难词,选用自己最熟悉、最有把握的词语和句型将要点完整流畅地用英语表达出来。这要求考生要有变通能力。另外,不要拘泥于原材料进行硬译,而要灵活表达,有时还需拐弯抹角地表达。同时注意克服母语的逆向干扰,按照英语的习惯表达形式,用地道的英语习惯用语将要点以句子形式准确地表达出来。
四、连句成篇,行文连贯
句子是由词汇组成的,而文章则是由句子组成的。遣词造句要按照语法和习惯表达,组句成篇也要按照篇章结构,选择适当的并列、递进、因果、转折、条件等意义的`连词把所有表示要点的句子连接成文,使句与句、段与段之间意思连贯,结构衔接,生动、准确地表达考题内容。同时注意克服英语句子结构的单调性,要根据表达需要而注意变换句式,这样才能增强语句的表现力。切忌只按考题信息或线索提示,不切实际、不顾英语习惯表达的方式逐条译出,这样就会造成文理不通、语无伦次。只有语言地道、层次清楚、结构合理,才能文通语顺、层次分明。
五、言简意赅,注意词数
NMET书面表达评分原则规定:词数少于80和多于120的,从总分中均减去2分。因此,考生在书写时应特别注意避免两极分化,既不可少于80个词,也不可多于120个词,最好是100个单词左右。在书写过程中尽量使用能表现自己实力的词汇和语法结构,避免语言错误,真正做到语言地道、言简意赅,把词数控制在最佳范围内。
六、仔细核对,查漏补缺
在写书面表达时,有些考生往往把注意力集中在表达上而忽视了书面质量,再加上匆忙或粗心,难免有些书写中的走笔之误,诸如字母的大小写,单词的误写、多写、少写,习语的搭配,时态、语态、主谓一致,标点符号及母语的干扰等问题,需要考生在定稿前认真检查,力争要点的完整和句子的正确。
七、规范誊写,卷面整洁
书面表达是NMET中的主观性题目,评分虽有严格的标准和档次,但也带有弹性,这是一个主观上难以完全解决的客观问题。倘若书写马虎潦草或涂改乱擦,给阅卷者留下不好印象,得分往往会低于所写材料的应得分。因此,考生要尽量先打草稿,修改后再严格按照四线三格认真誊写,做到字母、单词的书写大小适中、均匀。一方面,要左右成行,整齐划一。另一方面,要上下对齐,首尾呼应。只有书写规范,字迹清晰、卷面整洁,才能使书面表达锦上添花、高人一筹。
总之,只有了解NMET书面表达评分原则和要求,熟练掌握其应试技巧,我们才能有的放矢地进行书写训练,也才能在规定时间内根据试题信息要求,使书面表达要点齐全、内容完整、格式准确、文通语顺、书写规范、卷面整洁。当然,要切实做好NMET书面表达,还特别需要注意平时知识的积累,要多读、多写、多记句型并掌握词汇的用法。只要具备了一定的语言基础知识,了解书面表达评分原则和评分要求,再加上对书面表达材料进行强化训练,相信你在考试中一定会马到成功。
【作文写作的一些实用技巧】
(一)掌握技巧:
(1)注意篇章结构,合理布局
开始部分(opening paragraph)——说出文中的要点、核心问题。
正文部分(Body paragraphs)——围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。
结尾部分(concluding paragraphs)——对全文的总结和概括。
要做到全文中心突出、段落之间必须是有机地联系,内容完整、连贯。前后呼应,祛除与主题无关的内容.
(2)确定主题句
主题句是对全文的概括,是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。通常主题句出现在一篇文章的开头,而后,全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释,扩展。
写主题句应注意以下几点:
①归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点
②提炼出一句具有概括性的话
③主题句应具有可读性,抓住、吸引读者。
(二)巧用连接词
要想使文章有整体性、连贯性,就要学会正确使用连接词
表示罗列增加
First, second, third,
First, then / next, after that / next, finally
For one thing … for another…,
On (the) one hand…on the other hand,
Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also,
Especially / In particular,
表示时间顺序
now, at present, recently,
after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days,
at first, in the beginning, to begin with,
later, next, finally,
immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment
form now on, from then on,
at the same time, meanwhile,
till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during,
表示解释说明
now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover
furthermore, in fact, actually
表示转折关系
but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other
hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all,
表示并列关系
or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or, neither …nor
表示因果关系
because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result (of), otherwise, so…that, such…that
表示条件关系
as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless
表示让步关系
though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever,
whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom)
表示举例
for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example
表示比较
be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)…just like, just as,
表示目的.
for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,
表示强调
in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all,
表示概括归纳
in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion,
(三)掌握常用句型:
1. in order to
为了实现他的梦想,他学习非常努力。
He worked very hard in order to realize his dream. 2. in order that
她拼命干活以便到六点时把一切都准备就绪。
She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 6 o’clock..
3. so…that
他们太累了,除了伸懒腰什么都做不了了。
They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.
4. such…that
天气非常冷,以致于街上一个人都没有。
It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.
5. would rather do…than do
他宁愿听他人讲而不愿自己说。
He would rather listen to others than talk himself.
6. prefer doing to doing
他宁愿在精心准备后去做报告。
He prefers making speeches after careful preparation.
7. prefer to do…rather than do
比起女人,男人总是宁可在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。
Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.
8. not only…but also
在短短的三年的时间里她不但完成了所有课程,而且还获得了博士学位。
In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her doctor’s degree.
9. either…or
如果考试过关,你可以买一个MP3或去云南玩一趟。
You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.
10. Neither…nor
他是一个无聊的人,既不爱娱乐,也不爱读书。
He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading.
11. as well as
他善良又乐于助人。
He was kind as well as helpful.
12. …as well
这个小孩活泼又可爱。
The child is active and funny as well.
13. One…the other
你看见桌子上有两只笔吗?一支是红色的,另一支是黑色的。
Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black.
14. Some…others
每个人都很忙,有些在读书,有些在写作。
Everyone is busy in classroom. Some are reading, others are writing.
15. make…+adj /n
我们所做的可以让世界更美丽。
What we do will make the world more beautiful.
16. not…until
直到他告诉我发生的事,我才了解真相。
I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.
17. as if
他夸夸其谈好像什么事都知道。
He talks a lot as if he knows everything.
18. It is no use (good) doing…
假装不懂规则是行不通的。
It’s no use pretending that you didn’t know the rules.
19. find it + adj to do…
我觉得作听力时有必要作笔记。
I find it necessary to take down notes while listening.
20. It is + time since…
我已经有两年没见他了。
It is two years since I last met him.
21. It is + time when…
我到电影院时已经八点钟了。
It was 8 o’clock when I got to the cinema.
22. It is + time before…
不久我们就会再见面的。
I won’t be long before we can meet again.
23. It is…that…
我最珍视的是友谊。
It is friendship that I value most.
24. It is + n / adj + that / to do…
每个人都必须懂得如何使用计算机
It is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.
【写好英语作文五大秘诀】
一、认真审题,确定时态人称,同时关注题材格式时态:故事性文章一般用过去时,其中表达感受时可用现在时。说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时,举例时可用过去时。根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用,如过去和现在的对比等。如果句中出现了时间状语,时态则要遵循时间状语。如ago,last…——过去时next,in…——将来时等人称:注意在句子中人称的统一。例如:Thanks to the teachers,we have improved our English.其中we和our就是人称的统一。格式:注意书信格式的开头和结尾。
二、找全信息点,紧扣主题,突出重点切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全,找齐信息点,建议用铅笔标出,写完后再涂掉。根据题目,可适当增加合理内容。特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。
三、成文时表述正确,文字流畅切忌与汉语提示的一一对应,使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。首先考虑句子结构(如主谓宾,主系表等)。同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写,最好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。
四、文章结构清晰,重点句型出彩,可使文章在得分上提高一个档次考虑文章的篇章结构,使用适当的连接短语,使文章结构紧凑。常用连接词:
1.表文章结构顺序:First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…And then,Finally,In the end,At last
2.表并列补充关系的:What is more,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,Inaddition
3.表转折对比关系的:However,On the contrary,but Although+clause(从句),Inspite of+n/doing On onehand…On the other hand…Some…,while others…
4.表因果关系的:Because,As So,Thus,Therefore,As a result
5.表换一种方式表达:In other words
6.表进行举例说明:Forexample,句子;For instance,句子;such as+n/doing
7.表陈述事实:In fact
8.表达自己观点:As far as I know,In my opinion
9.表总结:In short,In a word,In conclusion,In summary
10.文中正确使用两三个好的句型,如:宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。
宾语从句举例:I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful and prosperous.
状语从句举例:If everyone does something for the environment,our hometown will become clean and beautiful.
动名词做主语举例:Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes.It’s bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.
常用状语从句句型:
1)时间when,not…until,as soon as
2)目的so that+clause;todo(为了)
3)结果so…that+clause,too…todo(太……以至于……)
4)条件if,unless(除非),as long as(只要)
5)让步though,although,eventhough,even if no matter what/when/where/who/which/how
6)比较as…as…,not so…as…,than
五、认真检查,检查信息点是否全面,时态、人称是否一致,句子结构是否清晰,短语使用、单词拼写是否准确等。检查后,将草稿誊写在纸上,请注意按结构分段,书写清晰。下面列举一些在检查中可发现的错误:
1.We live more and more comfortable。改正:comfortably(副词修饰动词)2.we can get many informations by reading newspapers.改正:much information(不可数名词由much修饰)
3.There has many programs in TV.改正:There are many programs on TV.(There be句型和介词短语)
4.I think ride a bike can keep our health.改正:I think riding a bike can keep us healthy.(动名词作主语)
建议大家练习或模仿不同题材的文章,特别注意改错总结和吸取范文中好的结构与表达方法,适当运用于自己的文章中。
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