托福阅读：该怎样注重对语言的把握

现在新托福阅读的题目四个选项长度呈不断加长趋势。有很多考生用在理解题目和选项的时间就远远超过答题时间，这样就会直接影响后面题目的答题质量。下面小编就和大家分享托福阅读：该怎样注重对语言的把握，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读：该怎样注重对语言的把握

1.如果基础一般的同学，想要参加托福考试，提前3、4个月准备起来。一本好的词汇书是必不可少的。其实背哪一本词汇书不是重点所在，重要的是能够持之以恒，每天对所背的词汇进行复习和总结。因为你在做词汇题时如果能遇到你熟悉的词，可以节省你回到上下文中猜词的时间。

2.从文章的结构开始理解文章。我们要明白，托福考试的阅读文章都是北美校园基础课程的文章，基本没有做过改动，所以文章的结构就是完全按照美式作文的五段法，我们的考生只要用这样的方式去分析每一篇文章，就会发现他们的结构是大同小异的。

3.积累背景知识对我们来说相当的重要，因此我们在做新托福阅读的题目的同时，也应该在空余的时候多阅读课外读物，原版杂志，比如，国家地理，自然，今日美国等一些著名的原版杂志，这不仅可以扩充我们的背景知识，同时也可以补充我们的词汇量。

4.在复习的后阶段，做做模拟练习题是必不可少的。如果有条件的话，是用模考软件做一下，可以模仿新托福机考的真实场景。比较推荐的模考软件有Barron, Kaplan以及一些比较权威的模考网站。当然在你报名时托福官方网站提供给你的那一套不完整的模考题也是很有参考价值的。

托福阅读真题原题+题目

The geology of the Earth's surface is dominated by the particular properties of water. Presenton Earth in solid, liquid, and gaseous states, water is exceptionally reactive. It dissolves,transports, and precipitates many chemical compounds and is constantly modifying the face ofthe Earth.

Evaporated from the oceans, water vapor forms clouds, some of which are transported bywind over the continents. Condensation from the clouds provides the essential agent ofcontinental erosion: rain. Precipitated onto the ground, the water trickles down to form brooks,streams, and rivers, constituting what are called the hydrographic network. This immensepolarized network channels the water toward a single receptacle: an ocean. Gravity dominatesthis entire step in the cycle because water tends to minimize its potential energy by running fromhigh altitudes toward the reference point, that is, sea level.

The rate at which a molecule of water passes though the cycle is not random but is a measureof the relative size of the various reservoirs. If we define residence time as the average time for awater molecule to pass through one of the three reservoirs — atmosphere, continent, and ocean— we see that the times are very different. A water molecule stays, on average, eleven days inthe atmosphere, one hundred years on a continent and forty thousand years in the ocean. Thislast figure shows the importance of the ocean as the principal reservoir of the hydrosphere butalso the rapidity of water transport on the continents.

A vast chemical separation process takes places during the flow of water over the continents.Soluble ions such as calcium, sodium, potassium, and some magnesium are dissolved andtransported. Insoluble ions such as aluminum, iron, and silicon stay where they are and form thethin, fertile skin of soil on which vegetation can grow. Sometimes soils are destroyed andtransported mechanically during flooding. The erosion of the continents thus results from twoclosely linked and interdependent processes, chemical erosion and mechanical erosion. Theirrespective interactions and efficiency depend on different factors.

1. The word modifying in line 4 is closest in meaning to

(A) changing

(B) traveling

(C) describing

(D) destroying

2. The word which in line 5 refers to

(A) clouds

(B) oceans

(C) continents

(D) compounds

3. According to the passage , clouds are primarily formed by water

(A) precipitating onto the ground

(B) changing from a solid to a liquid state

(C) evaporating from the oceans

(D) being carried by wind

4. The passage suggests that the purpose of the hydrographic network (line 8) is to

(A) determine the size of molecules of water

(B) prevent soil erosion caused by flooding

(C) move water from the Earth's surface to the oceans

(D) regulate the rate of water flow from streams and rivers

5. What determines the rate at which a molecule of water moves through the cycle, as discussed

in the third paragraph?

(A) The potential energy contained in water

(B) The effects of atmospheric pressure on chemical compounds

(C) The amounts of rainfall that fall on the continents

(D) The relative size of the water storage areas

6. The word rapidity in line 19 is closest in meaning to

(A) significance

(B) method

(C) swiftness

(D) reliability

7. The word they in line 24 refers to

(A) insoluble ions

(B) soluble ions

(C) soils

(D) continents

8. All of the following are example of soluble ions EXCEPT

(A) magnesium

(B) iron

(C) potassium

(D) calcium

9. The word efficiency in line 27 is closest in meaning to

(A) relationship

(B) growth

(C) influence

(D) effectiveness

PASSAGE 2 AACCD CABD

托福阅读背景知识汇总之科氏力

科氏力 (carioles force)

地球自转会带来一种力，科学家称之为科里奥利力(简称科氏力，是一种非惯性参照系的惯性力)。相对于推或者拉产生的力而言，科氏力并不是一个“真实的”力，但是它的力量确实非常强大，强大到可以造就台风。

在旋转的的地球上，流体运动始终受到科氏力的作用，气象学上又称之为地转偏向力。对于大尺度大气运动，科氏力具有十分重要的意义。

由于地球自转的关系，空气快一开始运动即无法与地球自转系统同步，因而产生偏转现象。举例来说，如果有甲、乙二人站在转盘上，甲自转动中心平抛出一球，给位于转盘边缘上的乙。站在盘外的丙，所看到求的飞行方向是直线，然而就乙和球的相对位置而言，乙所看到球的动作路径却是拋物线。

假设有一颗炮弹从北极点发射出去，如果地球不会自转，那么炮弹的飞行轨迹，从空中鸟瞰，应该是一直线。但是，事实上地球会自转，因此，随着地球的自转，炮弹在空中飞行的轨迹，如果站在北极点看过去，是不断偏右的。这就是科氏力的原理。

这段话基本就是听力原文。

然后就是如何影响洋流，科学家可以利用它来预测。